Toolbar

Toolbar相比于自带的标题栏,能有更多的扩展性,更为灵活。

现在res/themes/themes.xml中,把自带的标题栏关闭掉:

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<style name="Theme.MaterialDemo" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.Light.NoActionBar">

然后在activity_main.xml里面设置布局:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".view.activity.MainActivity">

<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">

<androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar"
app:popupTheme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"
app:layout_scrollFlags="scroll|enterAlways|snap">
</androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar>

<include layout="@layout/drawer_layout"/>
</LinearLayout>

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

其中coordinatorlayout相当于一个加强版的FrameLayout,<include layout="@layout/drawer_layout"/>是在下面引入我们的一个drawerLayout的布局,使用<include layout=""/>可以直接引入布局并且可以直接绑定控件

然后在MainActivity.kt中:

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val toolbar: Toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar)
toolbar.title = "玩Android" //设置吧toolbar的标题
toolbar.setTitleTextColor(Color.WHITE) //设置标题字体颜色
setSupportActionBar(toolbar) //加载toolbar

就完成了对toolbar的设置。

DrawerLayout+NavigationView

DrawerLayout本身就是一种抽屉式布局,我们通常会搭配着NavigationBottom使用,然后抽屉栏里面的布局可以用NavigationView这个自带的布局,可以很容易实现头像加列表的形式,效果如下:

drawer_layout.xml布局如下:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="@+id/drawerLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<!-- 这里是DrawerLayout外面的布局,即主页面 -->

<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<include layout="@layout/homepage"/>
</LinearLayout>

<!-- 下面的就是DrawerLayout里面的布局 -->
<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
android:id="@+id/nav_view"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:fitsSystemWindows="false"
app:headerLayout="@layout/nav_header_main"
app:menu="@menu/activity_main_drawer"/>


</androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>

上面代码中android:layout_gravity="start"这一行是必须指定的,且要与DrawerLayout的打开方式一样

其中列表使用的是menu资源,activity_main_drawer.xml内容如下:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
tools:showIn="navigation_view">
<group android:checkableBehavior="single">
<item
android:id="@+id/nav_about"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_about"
android:title="关于" />
</group>
</menu>

MainActivity.kt里面的设置:

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private fun setNavigationColumn() {
val drawerLayout: DrawerLayout = findViewById(R.id.drawerLayout)

//对toolbar的设置
val toolbar: Toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar)
toolbar.title = "玩Android"
toolbar.setTitleTextColor(Color.WHITE)
setSupportActionBar(toolbar)

//加载打开抽屉栏的按钮
supportActionBar?.let {
it.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true) //按钮可以让用户返回到上一级的活动或片段
it.setHomeAsUpIndicator(R.drawable.ic_menu) //将返回按钮设置成菜单图标
}

//关闭抽屉栏
fun closeDrawer() {
drawerLayout.closeDrawer(findViewById(R.id.nav_view))
}

//对抽屉栏里面的列表进行点击监听
findViewById<NavigationView>(R.id.nav_view).setNavigationItemSelectedListener { menuItem ->
when (menuItem.itemId) {

R.id.nav_about -> {
val intent = Intent(this, AboutActivity::class.java)
startActivity(intent)
}

}
closeDrawer()
true
}

//添加对DrawerLayout的监听,使得在打开与关闭时toolbar能切换不同的图标
toggle = object :
ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, drawerLayout, R.string.app_name, R.string.app_name) {
override fun onDrawerClosed(drawerView: View) {
super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView)
}

override fun onDrawerOpened(drawerView: View) {
super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView)
}
}
toggle.syncState() //同步toolbar和DrawerLayout的状态
drawerLayout.addDrawerListener(toggle)
}

BottomNavigationView+ViewPager2

而homepage页面我们则采用BottomNavigationView+ViewPager2的形式。

homepage.xml:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
android:id="@+id/homepage_navigation_bottom"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:itemTextColor="@color/nav_bottom_text_select"
app:labelVisibilityMode="labeled"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:menu="@menu/menu_bottom" />

<androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
android:id="@+id/bottom_navigation_viewpage2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/homepage_navigation_bottom"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.0" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

上面的@menu/menu_bottom也是菜单资源文件,加载了底部导航按钮:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item
android:id="@+id/bottom_home"
android:icon="@drawable/bottom_home"
android:title="首页"/>

<item
android:id="@+id/bottom_public"
android:icon="@drawable/bottom_public"
android:title="公众号" />

<item
android:id="@+id/bottom_navigation"
android:icon="@drawable/bottom_navigation"
android:title="导航"/>
</menu>

ViewPager2的Adapter:

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package com.generlas.winterexam.view.adapter

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity
import androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter

class ViewPager2Adapter(fragment: FragmentActivity, private val list: MutableList<Fragment>) :
FragmentStateAdapter(fragment) {
override fun getItemCount(): Int {
return list.size
}

override fun createFragment(position: Int): Fragment {
return list[position]
}

}

因为切换的是fragment,所以直接继承FragmentStateAdapter

MainActivity.kt

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//设置底部导航按钮
private fun setBottomNavigation() {
//绑定视图
val mNavBottom: BottomNavigationView = findViewById(R.id.homepage_navigation_bottom)
val mBottomViewpager2: ViewPager2 = findViewById(R.id.bottom_navigation_viewpage2)

mNavBottom.itemIconTintList = null //取消导航栏的默认颜色
//将fragment添加进适配器
val fragmentList: MutableList<Fragment> = ArrayList()
fragmentList.add(HomeFragment())
fragmentList.add(PublicFragment())
fragmentList.add(NavigationFragment())
mBottomViewpager2.adapter = ViewPager2Adapter(this, fragmentList)

mBottomViewpager2.isUserInputEnabled = false //禁用ViewPager2的手势滑动

//fragment切换时底部导航跟着切换
mBottomViewpager2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(object : ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
override fun onPageSelected(position: Int) {
super.onPageSelected(position)
mNavBottom.menu.getItem(position).isChecked = true
}
})

//底部导航切换时fragment跟着切换
mNavBottom.setOnItemSelectedListener { item ->
when (item.itemId) {
R.id.bottom_home -> {
mBottomViewpager2.currentItem = 0
return@setOnItemSelectedListener true
}

R.id.bottom_public -> {
mBottomViewpager2.currentItem = 1
return@setOnItemSelectedListener true
}

R.id.bottom_navigation -> {
mBottomViewpager2.currentItem = 2
return@setOnItemSelectedListener true
}
}
false
}
}

自定义toolbar的菜单图标

如上图所示,toolbar能自定义添加按钮(如搜索按钮)

只需要在MainActivity.kt中添加:

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// 处理toolbar上抽屉开关等图标的点击事件
override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {

//设置抽屉栏按钮的点击
if (toggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
return true
}

return when (item.itemId) {
R.id.search -> {
val intent = Intent(this, SearchActivity::class.java)
startActivity(intent)
true
}

else -> super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
}
}

//加载toolbar的搜索按钮
override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu?): Boolean {
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_toolbar_main, menu)
return true
}

同样也需要添加目录资源menu_toolbar_main.xml:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<item
android:id="@+id/search"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_search"
android:title="search"
app:showAsAction="always"/>
</menu>

通过上述方法,你就可以很容易搭建起一个基本的页面框架了。